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NATIONAL PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

“Education in Malaysia is an on going effort towards further developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner, in order to produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically, balanced and harmoniously, based on a firm belief in and devotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral standards and who are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of personal well being to contribute to the betterment of the nation, family and society.

1.0 Aims:

Major

1. Knowledgeable

2. Believe and devotion in God

3. Possess balanced and firm personality

4. Be responsible to self society, religion and nation

5. Tolerance to foster unity among people of various races

Others

1. Produce individuals that are responsible and able to fulfill their duty as good citizen.

2. Produce individuals who will be progressive, skillful and competent in carrying out their duty perfectly, with the aim to contribute towards advancement and development of nations.

3. Reducing the gap in various fields through provision of adequate education facilities to less fortunate group.

4. Produce individuals who will be to understand, accept and abide by the democratic principles and laws of Constitution.

5.  Produce individuals that are loyal to the King and also love the nation.

6. Produce individuals that understand and practice the nation principle.

2.0 Factors in developing FPK

2.1 Religious Factor 

The quotation from the FPK “… Produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious, based on a firm belief and devotion to God…” suggested the religious factor that present in FPK. Malaysia is a multiracial and multi religion country but with Islam as the official religion in Malaysia. While other religion is also freely embrace and worship by other such as Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism and etc. At the same time based on the National Principe first sentence Believe in God is made into a part of the FPK. Malaysia also focuses the importance of religion being a part of a balanced person.

2.2 Social Factor

Can be seen on the quotation”…to produce Malaysian citizen that are capable of achieving a high level of personal wellbeing to contribute to the betterment of the nation, family and society. Malaysia is a unique land with various races inhabit here. The harmony and prosperity of the nation depends very much on the citizen’s practice of tolerance, cooperation and mutual respect among the various citizens. It is through the correct practice then we can attain the peace, harmony and the stability of society and nation.

2.3 Political Factor 

Generally it is known that FPK was made up according to the national ideology which can be reflected on the official documents such as Education Reports, Malaysia Plans and National Principe. In this respect, the aim of achieving racial unity was one of the basic considerations when palming up the FPK. In fact this has been a very influential factor related to the social factor in the FPK.

2.4 Economic Factor 

Specialization happens where Malaysians are trained with special skill in various fields can assist in the development of the national economy by upgrading their productivity. Such an aim can be accomplish with the production of individuals who are knowledgeable and competent, responsible and capable to contribute towards the betterment of the nation, family and society. The great ambition of Malaysia to be economic strong country becomes the prime objective of the national education on the FPK.

2.5 Individual Factor 

Process of education is claimed to be able to develop the potential of an individuals. These individual’s potentials cover all intellectual, spiritual, emotional and physical aspects. Holistic development by integrating all potentials of individual in such a manner that produce balanced and harmonious citizens. Following this positive attitude is tried to be inculcate in individuals, enjoy spiritual peacefulness and ever ready to face challenges in life. Thus the ambition to produce balanced and harmonious individuals was also one of the aspirations of FPK.

2.6 International Factors

Another influential that could not be ignored is the International factor that spreads their influence through international education seminars and forum that have a degree of influence in the design of FPK. One of the examples is the lifelong learning which were discussed and adapted by the UNESCO in the eighties. Its importance could be seen from the beginning where Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort…, which clearly stated that the concept of lifelong learning education with the respect to globalization of educations.

International ties or also known as global cooperation also play an important key in developing a nation. A good image and relationship with other countries gain many advantageous. Because of this reason, Malaysia tries to play her role in the international arena, such as contribution to peace and prosperity, fostering good relationship with other countries. This effort is made sure to be followed by future generation. Hence the national education programme is mould to produced educated, competent and high moral citizens, who will be able to serve and contribute not only to the progress of the nation but also provide their service to maintain international peace and stability.